Medicine in Evolution
type: channel
description: Medicine in Evolution is a recognized, peer-reviewed, open access publication dedicated to the dissemination of original theoretical research across the interdisciplinary spectrum of medicine and healthcare, encompassing a wide array of topics within the realms of human life science, medical community, dental medicine and pharmacology. Original research papers, communications, letters, short notes, case reports, and reviews are all warmly welcomed for submission. Its commitment lies in conducting thorough peer reviews, facilitating swift publication of groundbreaking research. We strongly encourage authors to present their experimental and theoretical findings with meticulous detail. The submission of theoretical papers should include comprehensive proofs to facilitate verification, while experimental papers should provide thorough experimental procedures to ensure reproducibility. Authors are also encouraged to deposit supplementary materials such as electronic files or software containing detailed calculations and experimental procedures alongside their publications. The objectives of the journal are aligned with the vision of the World Health Organization, the International Dental Federation, fitting seamlessly into the research strategy of Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara and the Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health. Topics of interest include, without being limited to, the following areas: medicine, dentistry, pharmaceutics. Detailed information about each topic can be found here. Indexing The journal is indexed by several organizations like Index Copernicus and Romanian UEFISCDI (B+).
publisher: Medicine in Evolution
language: en
publication name: Medicine in Evolution
issn: 2065-376X
items: Comparative Histological Analysis of Normal and Supernumerary Teeth: Clinical and Morphological Implications
items: Association of Oral Hygiene Products and Their Impact on Oral Health
items: The Influence of Oral Health on Quality of Life in Young Adults: A Public Health Perspective
items: Beyond The White Smile: In Vitro Insights into Carbamide Peroxide Bleaching by Confocal Microscopy
items: Salivary Detection of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in Dental Patients: A Pilot Study on Clinical and Behavioral Risk Correlates
items: Comparative Evaluation of Mechanical Properties in Contemporary Prosthetic Dental Materials: Zirconia, Lithium Disilicate, and Hybrid Composites
items: The Internal Thoracic Artery: An Anatomical Narrative Review
items: The Implications of Combined Hormonal Contraceptives in Cancer
items: Evaluating the Use of Dietary Supplements to Improve Physical and Sports Performance - Survey Study
items: Phytochemical Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Ribes nigrum Leaf Extracts: A Study of Aqueous and Butanolic Fractions
items: Understanding Halitosis: A Survey on the Knowledge and Perceptions of Dental Students
items: Examining the Commercial Determinants of Oral Health: A Comprehensive Review
items: The Impact of Smoking on the Progression and Management of Periodontal Disease
items: Complementary Autofluorescence Imaging in the Diagnostic Evaluation of Oral Potentially Malignant Lesions: A Comparative Clinical Study
items: In Vitro Assessment of Eugenol’s Impact on Human Keratinocyte (Hacat) Cell Line
items: Use of Electronic Imaging Programs in Dental Practice
items: Lifestyle Risk Factors That Increase Chances of Developing Oral Cancer: Up to Date Review
items: Assessing Knowledge and Intentions Related to HPV Vaccination in Romanian Dental Students
items: The Impact of Injectable Biostimulatory Substances on Current Trends in Aesthetic Medicine: Focus on Poly-L-lactic Acid, Polycaprolactone, and Calcium Hydroxyapatite
items: Plant-Derived Essential Oils −An Alternative Option for Oral Health Management
items: National Conference of Infectious Diseases 14-16 May 2025, Timișoara, România
items: Mechanical Evaluations of Devitalized Teeth Reconstructed Using Direct and Indirect Techniques
items: Anxiety as a Determining Factor in Medical Specialty Choice: A Literature Review
items: Recent Advances Regarding the Phytochemical and Therapeutic Uses of Ribes Nigrum Leaves
items: Facial Asymmetry Assessment in Orthodontic Patients with Posteroanterior Cephalometric Analysis
items: A Therapeutic Approach in Cardiac Patients to Induce Anesthesia – a Brief Review
items: The Role of Preparation Geometry in Ceramic Veneers: A Comprehensive Literature Review
items: The Association Between Fisetin and Rutin Triggers an Enhanced Cytotoxicity in A431 and A375 Skin Cancer Cells
items: Effects of Acidic Beverages on Teenagers Dental Enamel – A Literature Review
items: Assessment of Parental Knowledge and Behaviour Regarding the Oral Hygiene of Preschool Children

Comparative Histological Analysis of Normal and Supernumerary Teeth: Clinical and Morphological Implications
type: item
description: This study aims to highlight the histological differences between normal (temporary and permanent) teeth and supernumerary teeth by analyzing enamel, the pulpo-dentin complex, and cementum. Through comparative microscopy of prepared histological slides, the research identifies microstructural peculiarities that may support a better understanding of the development, diagnosis, and management of dental number anomalies. This study involved histological analysis of 12 permanent preparations obtained from supernumerary, temporary, and permanent teeth, aiming to highlight the microstructural differences between normal and supernumerary dentition. Clinical cases and laboratory protocols, including decalcification, paraffin embedding, microtomy, and hematoxylin-eosin staining, allowed detailed observation of enamel prism organization, dentin tubule arrangement, and cementum characteristics. Histological comparison revealed that supernumerary teeth exhibit significant structural deviations, including atypical enamel prism orientation, reduced dentinal tubule density with frequent interglobular spaces, and a poorly differentiated cementum. These anomalies suggest incomplete mineralization and altered tissue development, potentially linked to the frequent impaction and limited functional integration of supernumerary teeth. Supernumerary teeth, although not pathological entities per se, can disrupt the harmony of the dento-maxillary system, affecting eruption, bone development, and dental aesthetics. Histologically, they exhibit morpho-structural hypodifferentiation, with disorganized enamel, reduced dentinal tubules, and imprecise cementum stratification, indicating a lower functional potential. These findings support the importance of histological evaluation in treatment planning and justify a conservative, individualized therapeutic approach based on both structural integrity and functional prognosis.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Supernumerary teeth;Histological analysis;Mineralization defects;Dento-maxillary anomalies
  topic: keywords
creator: Dinu Ștefania
creator: Laura-Cristina Rusu
creator: Iulia Muntean
creator: Șerban Talpoș Niculescu
creator: Dorin Cristian Dinu
creator: Diana- Nicoleta Gheața
creator: Diana Florina Nica
creator: Cristina Fulga Lazăr
creator: Mălina Popa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dinu Ștefania , Laura-Cristina Rusu, Iulia Muntean, Șerban Talpoș Niculescu , Dorin Cristian Dinu, Diana- Nicoleta Gheața, Diana Florina Nica, Cristina Fulga Lazăr, Mălina Popa (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-30
publication date: 2025-09-30
starting page: 342
ending page: 355
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i3.1321

Association of Oral Hygiene Products and Their Impact on Oral Health
type: item
description: 1.Background/Objectives: Oral hygiene plays a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance within the oral cavity. Salivary pH is a key functional marker, closely linked to enamel demineralization–remineralization dynamics and microbial homeostasis. The study aimed to compare the influence of two oral hygiene regimens-using Elmex Anti-Caries Professional toothpaste alone versus its combination with alcohol-free Listerine Coolmint mouthwash-on salivary pH values in young adults. 2.Methods: A controlled crossover design was applied to 30 participants aged 20–30 years. Saliva samples were collected under standardized conditions at 30 minutes and 2 hours after toothbrushing with Elmex toothpaste (Day 1) and after toothbrushing followed by mouthrinse with Listerine Coolmint (Day 2). Salivary pH was assessed using the Saliva Check Buffer kit, which provides semi-quantitative values in 0.5-unit intervals. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.3.Results: Toothbrushing alone maintained salivary pH mostly in the physiological range of 6.5–7.0, while the combined regimen produced a significant alkalinizing effect, with values shifting towards 7.0–7.5 at both time points. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences between the two protocols (p < 0.001).4.Conclusion: The combined use of fluoridated toothpaste and alcohol-free antiseptic mouthwash enhances salivary pH stability compared with toothbrushing alone, supporting remineralization and reducing acidogenic bacterial activity. These findings provide evidence-based support for integrating complementary oral hygiene products into daily preventive protocols, especially in young adults at increased risk for caries.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Salivary pH, Oral hygiene, Fluoride toothpaste, Mouthwash
  topic: keywords
creator: Iulia Muntean
creator: Laura-Cristina Rusu
creator: Alexandra Roi
creator: Ștefania Dinu
creator: Șerban Talpoș Niculescu
creator: Daniela Trotea
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Iulia Muntean, Laura-Cristina Rusu, Alexandra Roi, Ștefania Dinu, Șerban Talpoș Niculescu, Daniela Trotea (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-30
publication date: 2025-09-30
starting page: 379
ending page: 389
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i3.1325

The Influence of Oral Health on Quality of Life in Young Adults: A Public Health Perspective
type: item
description: 1.Background/Objectives: Oral health plays an increasingly vital role in overall health and well-being. 2.Methods: This cross-sectional design evaluated the impact of oral health on quality of life in adolescents and young adults. The study was conducted using a validated psychometric tool — the Oral Impact on Daily Performance (OIDP) questionnaire — which captures the self-perceived effect of oral conditions on various daily functions. Participants were recruited from a general adolescent and young adult population via online distribution channels. The target demographic included individuals aged approximately 14–25 years, either attending secondary school or university. The survey was administered using Google Forms platform, ensuring accessibility across various devices. Participants were informed about the purpose of the study and anonymity was guaranteed. Submission of the completed form was considered an expression of informed consent, in accordance with ethical research standards. Collected data were processed using Microsoft Excel. Descriptive statistics determined central tendency (mean, median), dispersion (standard deviation, range), and item-specific frequency distributions. 3.Results: The study included a total of 76 participants, aged between 14 and 25 years. All participants completed the Oral Impact on Daily Performance (OIDP) questionnaire. Each respondent rated the frequency of 15 oral health-related impacts on a 0–4 scale. The mean OIDP Score among the group was 11.37, with scores ranging from 1 to 30, indicating a moderate burden of oral health on daily life activities across the sample. The difference between the psychosocial and appearance domains was the only one reaching statistical significance, suggesting that aesthetic and emotional concerns may affect participants differently and deserve further study in a larger sample. 4.Conclusion: the findings from this study emphasize the importance of viewing oral health through a biopsychosocial le…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: oral health
  topic: keywords
subject: quality of life
  topic: keywords
subject: adolescents
  topic: keywords
subject: young adults
  topic: keywords
subject: self-perceived health
  topic: keywords
creator: Ruxandra Sava-Rosianu
creator: Vlad Alexa
creator: Vanessa Bolchis
creator: Delia Abrudan Luca
creator: Lucian Floare
creator: Malina Popa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ruxandra Sava-Rosianu, Vlad Alexa, Vanessa Bolchis, Delia Abrudan Luca, Lucian Floare, Malina Popa (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-30
publication date: 2025-09-30
starting page: 370
ending page: 378
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i3.1324

Beyond The White Smile: In Vitro Insights into Carbamide Peroxide Bleaching by Confocal Microscopy
type: item
description: 1.Background/Objectives: Tooth bleaching with carbamide peroxide (CP) is one of the most common aesthetic procedures in modern dentistry, yet its effects on enamel ultrastructure remain a matter of concern. This in vitro study aimed to qualitatively assess microstructural changes in human enamel following in-office bleaching with two professional CP formulations—Opalescence Quick 45% and Pola Office+ 37.5%—in accordance with ISO 28399:2021 guidelines. 2.Methods: Forty extracted human molars and premolars were sectioned to obtain paired specimens, with one half treated and the other serving as control. Bleaching protocols were performed under standardized conditions, and samples were analyzed using laser scanning confocal microscopy (CLSM) with three-dimensional reconstruction to evaluate enamel prism organization, porosity, and dentinal tubule exposure. 3.Results: Both agents induced morphological alterations, including partial prism disorganization, increased porosity, and widening of interprismatic spaces. Opalescence Quick, with its higher CP concentration, produced more pronounced structural effects compared with Pola Office+, which exhibited a more moderate impact. Despite these changes, enamel integrity was not severely compromised. 4.Conclusion: These findings suggest that carbamide peroxide bleaching can be considered safe when performed under professional supervision, particularly when complemented with remineralizing strategies. Future studies should investigate long-term effects and interactions with restorative materials under clinical conditions.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: tooth bleaching
  topic: keywords
subject: carbamide peroxide
  topic: keywords
subject: enamel microstructure
  topic: keywords
subject: confocal laser scanning microscopy
  topic: keywords
subject: in-office bleaching
  topic: keywords
subject: enamel porosity
  topic: keywords
subject: dental aesthetics
  topic: keywords
creator: Vlad Tiberiu Alexa
creator: Ramona Dumitrescu
creator: Berivan Laura Rebeca Buzatu
creator: Octavia Balean
creator: Atena Galuscan
creator: Malina Popa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Vlad Tiberiu Alexa, Ramona Dumitrescu, Berivan Laura Rebeca Buzatu, Octavia Balean, Atena Galuscan, Malina Popa (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-30
publication date: 2025-09-30
starting page: 356
ending page: 369
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i3.1323

Salivary Detection of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in Dental Patients: A Pilot Study on Clinical and Behavioral Risk Correlates
type: item
description: Background/Objective: Oral infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is a growing etiological factor in oropharyngeal cancer, often affecting individuals without traditional risk factors. Dentists may contribute to early detection through salivary screening and behavioral risk assessment. This pilot study aimed to investigate the prevalence of oral HPV infection and its association with clinical and lifestyle variables in dental patients. Methods: Thirty adult patients attending routine dental visits were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Each underwent clinical oral examination, behavioral risk assessment (including smoking, alcohol use, and sexual history), and provided an unstimulated saliva sample. HPV DNA detection was performed using PCR, with genotyping for HPV16 and HPV18. Associations between HPV positivity and variables were analyzed using univariate tests and logistic regression. Results: HPV DNA was identified in 6 patients (20%), with high-risk genotypes detected in most cases. HPV positivity was associated with current smoking, poor oral hygiene, oral sexual practices, and presence of suspicious mucosal lesions. Logistic regression revealed oral lesions (OR = 19.17) and poor hygiene (OR = 7.00) as independent predictors. ROC analysis showed high model discrimination (AUC = 1.00). Conclusion: Salivary testing is feasible in dental settings and may assist in identifying patients at elevated risk for HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer. Integrating behavioral screening and salivary diagnostics in dentistry could improve early referral and prevention strategies. Larger studies are needed to refine predictive algorithms for routine use.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: oral human papillomavirus (HPV); salivary diagnostics; oropharyngeal cancer; dental screening;
  topic: keywords
creator: Adela Hiller
creator: George Andrei Drăghici
creator: Cosmin Sinescu
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Adela Hiller, George Andrei Drăghici , Cosmin Sinescu (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-30
publication date: 2025-09-30
starting page: 332
ending page: 341
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i3.1320

Comparative Evaluation of Mechanical Properties in Contemporary Prosthetic Dental Materials: Zirconia, Lithium Disilicate, and Hybrid Composites
type: item
description: Background/Objective: The choice of dental prosthesis material necessitates consideration of the compromise between strength, esthetics and long-term durability. Speakers claim that monolithic zirconia, lithium disilicate, and hybrid composites are the most popular materials with different mechanical and clinical properties. The present study was conducted to compare the mechanical properties of these three materials in vitro by standardised procedures in relation to seven factors important for prosthodontic use. Methods: Ninety rectangular specimens (n = 30 per group) were prepared from monolithic zirconia, lithium disilicate, and a CAD/CAM hybrid composite. The samples were tested for flexural strength, fracture toughness, Vickers microhardness, wear, surface roughness, fatigue survival (1.5 million cycles) and marginal adaptation. ​). For reliability of zirconia, the Weibull modulus (m = 14.2) was shown to be higher than the hybrid group. Conclusion: All three materials provide specific clinical benefits. Zirconia is best suited for rear and high-stool restorations, lithium dislikes for anterior and asthetic operated cases, and hybrid composite for temporary or minimal invasive applications. Understanding the mechanical behavior of each material is necessary for evidence-based artificial decision making and improvement in long-term clinical results.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: zirconia, lithium disilicate, hybrid composite
  topic: keywords
creator: Sorin Gheorghe Mihali
creator: Adela Hiller
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sorin Gheorghe Mihali, Adela Hiller (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-30
publication date: 2025-09-30
starting page: 320
ending page: 331
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i3.1319

The Internal Thoracic Artery: An Anatomical Narrative Review
type: item
description: The internal thoracic artery (ITA) is a paired vessel originating from the first part of the subclavian artery, descending along the inner thoracic wall in close relation to the sternum. Owing to its reliable caliber, predictable course, and favorable long-term patency, the ITA plays a critical role in both clinical anatomy and surgical practice, particularly in coronary artery bypass grafting. This review synthesizes current anatomical knowledge of the ITA, emphasizing its origin, course, branching patterns, and collateral circulation. Variations in its trajectory, branching morphology, and termination are examined in detail, along with rare anomalies such as duplication and complete absence. Surgical relevance is addressed, with a focus on harvesting techniques, the impact of competitive flow, and strategies to manage side branches. Nomenclature is briefly discussed, noting the adoption of “internal thoracic artery” as the primary term. By integrating findings from cadaveric, radiological, and surgical studies, this review highlights the anatomical variability of the ITA and its implications for thoracic, cardiovascular, and reconstructive procedures. Understanding these variations is essential for optimizing surgical outcomes and reducing perioperative complications.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: internal thoracic artery
  topic: keywords
subject: anatomical variations
  topic: keywords
subject: coronary artery bypass grafting
  topic: keywords
subject: surgical anatomy
  topic: keywords
creator: Răzvan-Costin Tudose
creator: Andreea Treteanu
creator: Mugurel Constantin Rusu
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Răzvan-Costin Tudose, Andreea Treteanu, Mugurel Constantin Rusu (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-30
publication date: 2025-09-30
starting page: 308
ending page: 319
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i3.1318

The Implications of Combined Hormonal Contraceptives in Cancer
type: item
description: 1.Background/Objectives: Combined hormonal contraceptives (CHCs) are widely used by women during their fertile years. Often, these pills are taken without medical advice, which can lead to certain unwanted effects. This class of medication has been studied over the years for its impact on various types of cancer. Since cancer is becoming an increasingly common condition, understanding the factors that contribute to its development is important for prevention. 2. Methods: This paper reviews recent literature from reputable sources such as PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. 3. Results: The review of the medical literature reported evidence about the risk of CHCs in developing breast and cervical cancer, and more, about the protective effect on ovarian, endometrial, and colorectal cancer. 4. Conclusion: This paper presents the risk/benefit balance of CHCs in terms of their impact on some cancerous pathologies. According to the analysis, we can state that CHCs are effective and even safe if administered appropriately and according to the recommendations of specialists, depending on the particularities of each patient.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: oral contraceptives
  topic: keywords
subject: cancer
  topic: keywords
subject: risk
  topic: keywords
subject: benefit
  topic: keywords
creator: Florina Borozan
creator: Alexandra Semenescu
creator: Larisa Tomescu
creator: Ioan Sas
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Florina Borozan, Alexandra Semenescu, Larisa Tomescu, Ioan Sas (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-30
publication date: 2025-09-30
starting page: 294
ending page: 307
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i3.1316

Evaluating the Use of Dietary Supplements to Improve Physical and Sports Performance - Survey Study
type: item
description: Dietary supplements (DS) use among athletes to enhance endurance, strength and muscle recovery is a complex issue influenced by factors such as sport type, individual goals, access to nutritional information, and nutrition trends, with higher prevalence among elite performers. Despite their growing popularity and benign perception, scientific evidence regarding the safety, quality, and efficacy of DS remains insufficient. Therefore, the current study employed a questionnaire-based survey to assess Romanian athletes’ awareness and consumption behaviours, as well as potential adverse effects associated with DS use. Statistical analysis (chi-square test and Pearson test) was used to reveal relevant correlations among the examined variables, providing insight into usage patterns. The results highlight a high prevalence of DS consumption among young people and frequent reports of adverse reactions. Thus, educational interventions become essential to reduce potentially risky self-medication. The study revealed also the effectiveness of questionnaires as data collection tool among both amateur and competitive athletes, facilitating data-driven insights for enhancing athletic performance, promoting balanced lifestyles, and informing evidence-based guidance regarding the consumption of DS for both athletes and regulators.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: dietary supplements
  topic: keywords
subject: enhancing sport performance
  topic: keywords
subject: survey study
  topic: keywords
creator: Oana Ramona Cătălina Gheorghiu
creator: Daniela Mădălina Anghel
creator: Anne-Marie Ciobanu
creator: Claudia Maria Guțu
creator: Ștefan Rohnean
creator: Daniela Luiza Baconi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Oana Ramona Cătălina Gheorghiu , Daniela Mădălina Anghel, Anne-Marie Ciobanu, Claudia Maria Guțu , Ștefan Rohnean, Daniela Luiza Baconi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-30
publication date: 2025-09-30
starting page: 281
ending page: 293
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i3.1315

Phytochemical Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Ribes nigrum Leaf Extracts: A Study of Aqueous and Butanolic Fractions
type: item
description: Background: Ribes nigrum (black currants) are recognized for their outstanding biological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a type of cancer with a high mortality, for which various natural products have been investigated as alternatives that have emerged as potential candidates in the oncological domain. Methods: The present work involved the development of two types of Ribes nigrum leaves extracts (in aqueous and butanolic fractions), which were evaluated by the HPLC method and subsequently assessed for the antioxidant capacity, the antimicrobial activity, and in vitro cytotoxicity on the DLD-1 cell line. Results: The results indicated that both types of extracts contain amounts of polyphenols, the antioxidant activity of the extracts supports their potential as natural sources of free radical scavengers, antimicrobial evaluation showed that the extract in aqueous fraction produced a selective antimicrobial effect on gram-positive bacteria, and the MTT assay suggested that the extracts produced a dose-dependent cytotoxicity, with a superior effect noted for the extract in the butanolic fraction. Conclusion: These findings emphasized the biological potential of Ribes nigrum extracts due to their versatile composition and opened new research directions regarding their anticancer potential in CRC.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: blackcurrants, Ribes nigrum, colorectal cancer, natural alternative, antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity
  topic: keywords
creator: Oana-Adla Coman
creator: Andreea Smeu
creator: Alina Moacă
creator: Delia Muntean
creator: Ana-Maria Vlase
creator: Laurian Vlase
creator: Szilvia Toth
creator: Andreea Vădan
creator: Anca Stoica
creator: Sergio Liga
creator: Diana-Simona Tchiakpe-Antal
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Oana-Adla Coman, Andreea Smeu, Alina Moacă, Delia Muntean, Ana-Maria Vlase, Laurian Vlase, Szilvia Toth, Andreea Vădan, Anca Stoica, Sergio Liga, Diana-Simona Tchiakpe-Antal (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-30
publication date: 2025-09-30
starting page: 269
ending page: 280
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i3.1314

Understanding Halitosis: A Survey on the Knowledge and Perceptions of Dental Students
type: item
description: 1.Background/Objectives: Currently, there is a lack of definitive data regarding the prevalence of halitosis. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge and awareness of dental medicine students regarding halitosis, as well as to examine their approach to the diagnosis and management of patients presenting with this condition. 2.Methods: A total of 95 dental students were invited to participate in this cross-sectional study, conducted between February and June 2024. The data collection instrument consisted of a self-administered, structured questionnaire comprised of 14 questions. All items were mandatory, ensuring that every submission represented a complete data set for analysis. The study was conducted in accordance with ethical principles related to human subjects research, particularly concerning participant privacy, confidentiality, and data protection. Descriptive statistics were employed to analyze the data, with a focus on calculating frequency distributions and percentages. 3.Results: Among fourth-year respondents, only 58.1% reported familiarity with the term. In comparison, a significantly higher proportion of fifth-year students—86.2%—indicated awareness of the condition. This trend continued in the sixth year, with 89.3% of students reporting familiarity with halitosis, suggesting a gradual increase in awareness as students advance through their academic training. When asked whether they had access to instruments or tools for diagnosing or managing halitosis. Among fourth-year respondents, 64.5% reported lacking such instruments, while 35.5% stated they had access. Fifth-year students reported a slightly more favorable ratio, with 41.4% indicating access to instruments and 58.6% reporting the opposite. Similarly, among sixth-year students, 42.9% had access to instruments, while 57.1% did not. 4. Conclusion: In conclusion, while the current study highlights encouraging improvements in dental students’ awareness and clinical exposure to halitosis o…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: halitosis
  topic: keywords
subject: malodour
  topic: keywords
subject: dental students
  topic: keywords
subject: knowledge
  topic: keywords
subject: awareness
  topic: keywords
creator: Vlad Tiberiu Alexa
creator: Ramona Dumitrescu
creator: Octavia Balean Balean
creator: Berivan Laura Rebeca Buzatu
creator: Ioan Alexandru Simerea
creator: Ruxandra Sava-Rosianu
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Vlad Tiberiu Alexa, Ramona Dumitrescu, Octavia Balean Balean, Berivan Laura Rebeca Buzatu, Ioan Alexandru Simerea, Ruxandra Sava-Rosianu (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-16
publication date: 2025-06-16
starting page: 260
ending page: 268
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i2.1270

Examining the Commercial Determinants of Oral Health: A Comprehensive Review
type: item
description: The commercial determinants of oral health refer to the ways in which corporate activities, market forces, and economic policies influence oral health outcomes. Key industries, including the food and beverage, tobacco, alcohol, and pharmaceutical sectors, play a significant role in shaping oral health behaviors and disease patterns. The widespread availability and marketing of sugar-rich foods and beverages contribute to high rates of dental caries, while tobacco and alcohol consumption are major risk factors for periodontal disease and oral cancers. Additionally, corporate lobbying and regulatory policies impact access to preventive dental care and the affordability of oral health products. Socioeconomic disparities further exacerbate these issues, with lower-income populations facing greater exposure to unhealthy commercial influences and limited access to professional dental care. Addressing these determinants requires multi-sectoral collaboration, including stronger regulations on harmful product marketing, policies that promote affordable and accessible dental services, and increased public health education. By recognizing and mitigating the negative impact of commercial interests, policymakers and healthcare professionals can work towards reducing oral health inequities and improving population-wide dental health outcomes. A shift towards sustainable and health-promoting commercial practices is essential for fostering long-term improvements in global oral health.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: oral health
  topic: keywords
subject: commercial determinants
  topic: keywords
subject: health inequalities
  topic: keywords
subject: oral health behaviour
  topic: keywords
subject: socio-economic disparities
  topic: keywords
creator: Ruxandra Sava Rosianu
creator: Delia Abrudan-Luca
creator: Vlad Tiberiu Alexa
creator: Antonia Ilin
creator: Vanessa Bolchis
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ruxandra Sava Rosianu, Delia Abrudan-Luca, Vlad Tiberiu Alexa, Antonia Ilin, Vanessa Bolchis (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-16
publication date: 2025-06-16
starting page: 251
ending page: 259
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i2.1267

The Impact of Smoking on the Progression and Management of Periodontal Disease
type: item
description: Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the supporting structures of the teeth and is significantly influenced by modifiable risk factors, among which smoking plays a prominent role. Although the detrimental effects of smoking on periodontal health are well-documented, the specific impact of smoking intensity—measured as the number of cigarettes smoked per day—remains less clearly defined. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the influence of smoking intensity on the progression and clinical management of periodontal disease by comparing periodontal health parameters among three groups: heavy smokers (>10 cigarettes/day), light smokers (<10 cigarettes/day), and non-smokers. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on a sample of 226 adult patients from Timișoara, Romania. Each participant underwent a comprehensive full-mouth periodontal examination assessing key parameters, including probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BoP). Additionally, participants completed a standardized questionnaire documenting demographic data, smoking habits, and general health status. Statistical analysis involved one-way ANOVA and Hochberg GT2 post hoc tests to identify significant differences across groups. Results: The findings revealed a clear dose-dependent relationship between smoking intensity and periodontal disease severity. Heavy smokers exhibited the most severe periodontal deterioration, with significantly greater mean PPD and CAL compared to both light smokers and non-smokers (p < 0.001). Light smokers also presented significantly worse clinical outcomes than non-smokers (p < 0.01). Interestingly, non-smokers displayed a higher incidence of bleeding on probing, likely due to smoking’s vasoconstrictive effects masking inflammatory signs. Conclusions: This study demonstrates a strong, dose-dependent negative impact of smoking on periodontal health. Even light smoking is assoc…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: periodontal disease
  topic: keywords
subject: Smoking intensity
  topic: keywords
subject: pocket depth
  topic: keywords
subject: clinical attachment level
  topic: keywords
subject: bleeding on probing
  topic: keywords
subject: risk factor
  topic: keywords
creator: Alexandru Simerea
creator: Delia Abrudan Luca
creator: Lucian Floare
creator: Octavia Balean
creator: Ramona Dumitrescu
creator: Vanessa Bolchis
creator: Antonia Ilin
creator: Atena Galuscan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Alexandru Simerea, Delia Abrudan Luca, Lucian Floare, Octavia Balean, Ramona Dumitrescu, Vanessa Bolchis, Antonia Ilin, Atena Galuscan (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-16
publication date: 2025-06-16
starting page: 243
ending page: 250
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i2.1309

Complementary Autofluorescence Imaging in the Diagnostic Evaluation of Oral Potentially Malignant Lesions: A Comparative Clinical Study
type: item
description: Background/Objectives: Oral cancer remains a significant global health concern, with early detection being essential for improving patient outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of autofluorescence imaging as a complementary tool to conventional examination for identifying potentially malignant oral lesions. Methods: Thirty patients with clinically suspicious oral mucosal lesions were randomly assigned to two groups: one examined under conventional white light (control group), and the other using both white light and autofluorescence (experimental group). All cases were subsequently biopsied, and histopathological analysis was used as the diagnostic reference standard. Results: The autofluorescence-assisted group demonstrated a higher proportion of histologically confirmed malignancies (93.3%) compared to the control group (75.0%), suggesting greater diagnostic alignment with biopsy outcomes. Autofluorescence facilitated enhanced visualization of lesion borders and subtle mucosal changes, supporting its role in improving clinical assessment. Conclusion: Autofluorescence imaging appears to be a useful adjunct in the evaluation of suspicious oral lesions, offering better lesion detection compared to conventional examination alone. While not a substitute for biopsy, it may improve early identification and biopsy site selection. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings in larger populations.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Oral cancer, autofluorescence imaging, adjunctive diagnosis, early detection, non-invasive diagnostic methods
  topic: keywords
creator: Doina Chioran
creator: Octavia Balean
creator: Ramona Dumitrescu
creator: Vlad Tiberiu Alexa
creator: Adrian Moldoveanu
creator: Antonis Perdiou
creator: Tareq Hajaj
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Doina Chioran, Octavia Balean, Ramona Dumitrescu, Vlad Tiberiu Alexa, Adrian Moldoveanu, Antonis Perdiou, Tareq Hajaj (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-16
publication date: 2025-06-16
starting page: 233
ending page: 242
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i2.1308

In Vitro Assessment of Eugenol’s Impact on Human Keratinocyte (Hacat) Cell Line
type: item
description: Background: Oral health is one of the most concerning health problems, as it affects almost half of the worldwide population. Eugenol is an excellent natural compound when it comes to prophylactic and curative treatments for several oral problems. It has a wide spectrum, acting against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, viruses, and fungi. For this reason, it can be used in treating various dental problems, such as dental caries and periodontitis, and can be used to alleviate pain after surgical extractions. Eugenol has been tested over the years, and it has been proven to induce cytotoxic effects depending on the dosage. Methods: HaCaT cells were used to evaluate eugenol’s safety. Cell confluence, cell morphology assessment, LDH release, and average cell area measurement were analyzed at concentrations of 20, 40, and 80 µg/mL after 72 hours. Results: Eugenol exhibited a mild, dose-dependent antiproliferative effect without inducing cytotoxicity. LDH release remained below 30% even at the highest concentration, and only slight reductions in average cell area and confluence were observed, with no major morphological changes. Conclusion: These findings indicate that eugenol is safe for use on healthy keratinocytes at concentrations up to 80 µg/mL. This study supports future research aimed at optimizing its therapeutic potential while minimizing adverse effects.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Keywords: dentistry, eugenol, human keratinocytes, safety.
  topic: keywords
creator: Ștefania Dinu
creator: Stefania-Irina Dumitrel
creator: Adrian Moldoveanu
creator: Doina Chioran
creator: Mălina Popa
creator: Raluca Milutinovici
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ștefania Dinu, Stefania-Irina Dumitrel, Adrian Moldoveanu, Doina Chioran, Mălina Popa, Raluca Milutinovici (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-16
publication date: 2025-06-16
starting page: 223
ending page: 232
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i2.1307

Use of Electronic Imaging Programs in Dental Practice
type: item
description: 1.Background/Objectives: Digital radiography has continuously evolved as an innovative technology in dental imaging for nearly two decades. Digital radiography sensors are divided into: storage phosphor plates (SPPs) called photostimulable phosphor plates (PSPs), silicon devices such as charge-coupled devices (CCDs) or complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS). Digital imaging programs facilitate precise treatment planning by providing detailed images that can be easily manipulated and analyzed 2.Methods: The study period February to March 2025 with a study area of urban and peri-urban areaApproach method: 125 questionnaires were distributed to dentists practicing in urban and peri-urban area, 98 completed questionnaires were returned only 78 questionnaires remained in the study and 20 questionnaires were discarded due to incomplete completion or non-use of electronic medical imaging programs in current medical practice 3.Results: 46% of the doctors work in large private dental clinics, 40% in small private dental clinics and 14% in individual practices, Approximately 55% of respondents reported using electronic imaging programs frequently (more than 50% of the time) in the dental office on a daily basis, while 22% reported using them moderately (between 25% and 50% of the time), 12% use them always and 11% use them only occasionally (less than 25% of the time). 4.Conclusion: Electronic imaging programs offer numerous benefits, including enhanced diagnostic accuracy, more effective treatment planning, improved communication with patients, and streamlined image storage and retrieval.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: digital radiography
  topic: keywords
subject: dental images
  topic: keywords
subject: CMOS
  topic: keywords
subject: PSPs
  topic: keywords
subject: digital benefits
  topic: keywords
creator: Dragos Craciun
creator: Ramona Amina Popovici
creator: Malina Popa
creator: Stefania Dinu
creator: Andreea Mihaela Kis
creator: Corneliu Zeicu
creator: Mohamed Joma
creator: Adrian Moldoveanu
creator: Serban Talpoș
creator: Silviu Brad
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dragos Bucur, Ramona Amina Popovici, Malina Popa, Stefania Dinu, Andreea Mihaela Kis, Corneliu Zeicu, Mohamed Joma, Adrian Moldoveanu, Serban Talpoș (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-16
publication date: 2025-06-16
starting page: 212
ending page: 222
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i2.1305

Lifestyle Risk Factors That Increase Chances of Developing Oral Cancer: Up to Date Review
type: item
description: Oral cancer is on the 6th most common cause of malignancies of the world. With higher prevention strategies, the 5‑year survival rate of oral cancer is lower than 50% in some countries. Several risk factors that are linked with lifestyle behaviors have been identified in the occurrence of oral cancers. 2.Methods: Multiple database from 2014 to mid 2024. Applying filters were used to identify systematic reviews and meta-analyses, which investigated oral cancer incidence and risk factors. All published articles related to ″behavior risk factors in oral cancer″ were included in this review. 3.Results: The utilization of tobacco has reached the proportions of a global epidemic; alcohol association even raises the risk of developing oral cancer. In recent studies, there has been an association between smoking and a higher HPV infection. In addition, Candida albicans disrupt the metabolism of epithelial cells, so they can evolve from leukoplakia to dysplasia or even carcinoma leading to association of chronic inflammation. Also a persisting chronic inflammation with the association of one more risk factors from above can lead to an increase chance of developing oral cancer. 4.Conclusion: Most oral cancer are due to behavior habits, the main risk factors in oral cancer are smoking, alcohol consumption and the presence of HPV. ). Improving lifestyle changes should be one of the goals in every patient’s life. In addition, different strategy of public health information should be promoted in order to consider giving up smoking and excessive drinking of alcohol. A change in diet is also necessary. Therefore, public health campaigns are essential in determining a prevention of behavior lifestyle habits especially in younger adults because they represent the future adults.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: tobacco
  topic: keywords
subject: oral cancer
  topic: keywords
subject: HPV
  topic: keywords
subject: risk factors
  topic: keywords
subject: alcohol
  topic: keywords
subject: candida albicans
  topic: keywords
subject: lifestyle
  topic: keywords
creator: Adela Ramona Boroghina
creator: Ramona Amina Popovici
creator: Stefania Dinu
creator: Malina Popa
creator: Andreea Mihaela Kis
creator: Matin Asad Salehi
creator: Alsayed Ahmad Mhd Kher
creator: Diana Sarbu
creator: Serban Talpoș
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Adela Ramona Boroghina, Ramona Amina Popovici, Stefania Dinu, Malina Popa, Andreea Mihaela Kis, Matin Asad Salehi , Alsayed Ahmad Mhd Kher , Diana Sarbu , Serban Talpoș (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-16
publication date: 2025-06-16
starting page: 201
ending page: 211
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i2.1302

Assessing Knowledge and Intentions Related to HPV Vaccination in Romanian Dental Students
type: item
description: Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a leading etiological agent of various malignancies, including cervical and oropharyngeal cancers. Despite the availability of safe and effective prophylactic vaccines, vaccination uptake remains suboptimal in several regions, including Romania. Dental students, as future oral healthcare providers, are uniquely positioned to contribute to HPV-related cancer prevention. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate HPV vaccination status, awareness, and behavioral intentions among dental students enrolled at the “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Timișoara, Romania. It also sought to identify factors associated with actual vaccine uptake and intention to vaccinate. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in April–May 2025 using a structured questionnaire administered to second-, fifth-, and sixth-year dental students. Variables analyzed included demographic data, HPV vaccination status, awareness of vaccine safety and efficacy, understanding of community-level protection, and declared intent to vaccinate. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and logistic regression were employed for data interpretation. Results: Out of 199 participants, only 25% reported being vaccinated against HPV, despite high levels of awareness—over 85% acknowledged vaccine safety and effectiveness, and 78% recognized its role in reducing community transmission. Among the unvaccinated students, more than 60% expressed an intention to receive the vaccine. However, the logistic regression model did not yield significant predictors due to limited variability in awareness-related responses, indicating a well-informed but behaviorally inconsistent cohort. Conclusions: Romanian dental students exhibit strong theoretical knowledge of HPV-related health risks and vaccination benefits, yet vaccination uptake remains low. The high intention to vaccinate among unvaccinated individuals suggests a readiness that could be harnes…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: HPV, vaccination, dental students, Romania, awareness, public health, behavioral intention
  topic: keywords
creator: Octavia Balean
creator: Ramona Dumitrescu
creator: Atena Galuscan
creator: Vanessa Bolchis
creator: Vlad Tiberiu Alexa
creator: Delia Abrudan Luca
creator: Lucian Floare
creator: Doina Chioran
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Octavia Balean, Ramona Dumitrescu, Atena Galuscan, Vanessa Bolchis, Vlad Tiberiu Alexa, Delia Abrudan Luca, Lucian Floare, Doina Chioran (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-16
publication date: 2025-06-16
starting page: 187
ending page: 200
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i2.1301

The Impact of Injectable Biostimulatory Substances on Current Trends in Aesthetic Medicine: Focus on Poly-L-lactic Acid, Polycaprolactone, and Calcium Hydroxyapatite
type: item
description: In recent years, aesthetic medicine has witnessed a paradigm shift from conventional volumizing fillers toward regenerative, biostimulatory approaches that promote long-term skin health and natural rejuvenation. This analysis compares the most commonly used injectable biostimulators—poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), and calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA)—focusing on their mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, safety profiles, and aesthetic indications. These agents stimulate neocollagenesis through controlled inflammatory responses, resulting in enhanced dermal structure and prolonged aesthetic outcomes. PLLA acts mainly via the TGF-β/SMAD pathway to promote type I collagen synthesis and fibroblast activation. PCL combines immediate volumization with long-lasting collagen stimulation and neovascularization, while CaHA induces fibroblast proliferation, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix remodeling. The review underscores the growing preference for minimally invasive yet regenerative treatments, highlighting the importance of tailored therapeutic strategies to optimize clinical outcomes while ensuring patient safety.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Injectable biostimulators, Poly-L-lactic acid, Polycaprolactone, Calcium hydroxyapatite, Aesthetic medicine
  topic: keywords
creator: Mihaela Boța
creator: Andreea Maria Cristea
creator: Lavinia Lia Vlaia
creator: Vicențiu Vlaia
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mihaela Boța, Andreea Maria Cristea, Lavinia Lia Vlaia, Vicențiu Vlaia (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-16
publication date: 2025-06-16
starting page: 177
ending page: 186
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i2.1300

Plant-Derived Essential Oils −An Alternative Option for Oral Health Management
type: item
description: Oral health is one of the most pressing aspects of human well-being, complemented by the health of the digestive or respiratory system. As oral hygiene and dental care are essential health missions, products of natural origin are becoming increasingly recognized for their multifaceted benefits (reduced side effects, multiple therapeutic effects). The essential oils (lavender, eucalyptus, oregano, basil, and others) have proven their implications in the field of dentistry through effects observed in several studies, having antimicrobial, pain-reducing, anxiolytic, and many other actions that can be valuable alternatives. This overview presents the applicability and effects of different essential oils in oral health as potential candidates for oral treatments.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: dentistry, oral health, essential oils, natural products
  topic: keywords
creator: Stefania Dinu
creator: Serban Talpos-Niculescu
creator: Andreea Smeu
creator: Daniela Sasco
creator: Andreea Alexandrescu-Bauer4
creator: Mălina Popa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Stefania Dinu, Serban Talpos-Niculescu, Andreea Smeu, Daniela Sasco, Andreea Alexandrescu-Bauer4, Mălina Popa (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-16
publication date: 2025-06-16
starting page: 166
ending page: 176
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i2.1298

National Conference of Infectious Diseases 14-16 May 2025, Timișoara, România
type: item
description: We are pleased to present this Supplement to Volume XXXI, No. 1/2025 of the journal Medicine in Evolution, a special collection of scientific contributions dedicated to current challenges and advances in the field of infectious diseases, immunization, and antimicrobial therapies. This supplement brings together high-impact topics at the forefront of medical research and clinical practice. The thematic focus includes the persistent global challenge of HIV/AIDS, centered around a critical question: Can we stop the pandemic? Other articles explore the real-world difficulties encountered in the treatment of acute and chronic viral hepatitis, addressing both therapeutic barriers and innovative solutions. Vaccination is also prominently featured, with perspectives combining long-term experience and cutting-edge innovation. Furthermore, this supplement covers modern strategies in antibiotic, antiviral, and antifungal therapy, reflecting the ongoing need to combat resistance and improve therapeutic efficacy. A dedicated Varia section provides additional original contributions spanning a wide range of medical disciplines and interests. We gratefully acknowledge the leadership of Prof. Univ. Dr. Voichița Lăzureanu, President of the Conference, whose commitment and expertise have been essential in curating this scientific endeavor. Our sincere appreciation also goes to Prof. Univ. Dr. Adrian Streinu-Cercel, Honorary President, whose remarkable contributions to infectious disease research and public health continue to inspire generations of medical professionals. We hope that this supplement will serve as a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, and public health specialists, fostering dialogue and advancing knowledge in the pursuit of better health outcomes worldwide
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: infectious diseases
  topic: keywords
subject: immunization
  topic: keywords
subject: antimicrobial therapies
  topic: keywords
subject: HIV/AIDS
  topic: keywords
subject: chronic viral hepatitis
  topic: keywords
subject: acute viral hepatitis
  topic: keywords
subject: Varia
  topic: keywords
creator: Elena - Voichița Lăzureanu
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Elena - Voichița Lăzureanu (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-13
publication date: 2025-05-13
starting page: 1
ending page: 74
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i1-Supplement.1297

Mechanical Evaluations of Devitalized Teeth Reconstructed Using Direct and Indirect Techniques
type: item
description: This study evaluates the efficiency of direct and indirect techniques in the corono-radicular reconstruction of devitalized teeth, focusing on mechanical resistance, aesthethic outcomes, and cost effectiveness. Two experimental groups were created using extracted human teeth with prior endodontic tratament. The first group received direct restorations with fibergalss posts and composite resin, commonly used due to to its simplicity and reduced clinical time. The second group underwent indirect reconstruction with zirconia based restorations, produced throught digital workflow involving scanning, milling and sintering. Zirconia restorations showed greater compessive strenght, while fiberglass-based ones exhibited more elasticity, potentially reducing fracture risk. Aesthethic evaluations confirmed satisfactory initial results for both materials, althuoght slight discoloration occurred in composite over time due to staining and material aging. Cost analysis showed that direct techniques are more affordable and time-efficient, while indirect methods, throught more expensive, offer superior long term durability. CBCT imaging was used to evaluate the internal adaptation and fit of materials, confirming accurate placement in both groups. The study concludes that direct techniques are effective and accessible for moderate-load cases, while indirect zirconia restorations provide better resistance for high stress areas. Further research is recommended to enhance material properties and esure long-lasting functional and aesthethic performance.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Keywords: corono-radicular reconstruction, devitalized teeth, direct technique, indirect technique, zirconia, fiberglass, mechanical resistance, aesthetic performance, cost analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Răzvan Lăcătușu
creator: Pop Daniela-Maria
creator: Negru Radu Marcel
creator: Caplar Borislav -Dusan
creator: Olari Alexandru Ionut
creator: Ilincar Nadina
creator: Dumitrescu Ramona
creator: Oancea Roxana
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Răzvan Lăcătușu, Pop Daniela-Maria, Negru Radu Marcel, Caplar Borislav -Dusan, Olari Alexandru Ionut, Ilincar Nadina, Dumitrescu Ramona, Oancea Roxana (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-15
publication date: 2025-06-15
starting page: 153
ending page: 165
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i2.1296

Anxiety as a Determining Factor in Medical Specialty Choice: A Literature Review
type: item
description: Choosing a medical specialty is a crucial moment for future doctors, with a significant impact on their careers. Anxiety is a significant determinant in choosing a medical specialty, having a substantial impact on how students select their medical field. Students who experience high levels of uncertainty and stress are more likely to hesitate in choosing a specialty perceived as demanding and fast-paced. The decision-making process is influenced by numerous internal factors, such as individual skills and competencies, as well as external factors, including socio-economic conditions and the pressure of the academic environment. The purpose of this paper is to analize the anxiety level related to the choice of medical specialty. The highest levels of anxiety and stress are found in emergency medicine, surgery and intensive care units. Medium stress levels are found in doctors working in cardiology, psychiatry and neurology departments. The lowest anxiety level is related with specialties such as dermatology and laboratory medicine. In conclusion, stress and anxiety levels vary greatly between medical specialties, influencing the decisions of future doctors.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: ANXIETY, STRESS LEVEL, MEDICAL SPECIALTY, FUTURE DOCTORS
  topic: keywords
creator: Vanesa Cristina Baciu
creator: Dora Mihaela Cimpian
creator: Andreea Salcudean
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Vanesa Cristina Baciu, Dora Mihaela Cimpian, Andreea Salcudean (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-16
publication date: 2025-06-16
starting page: 135
ending page: 143
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i2.1281

Recent Advances Regarding the Phytochemical and Therapeutic Uses of Ribes Nigrum Leaves
type: item
description: 1.Background/Objectives: This review examines the phytochemical composition and therapeutic effects of Ribes nigrum (blackcurrant). Rich in anthocyanins, flavonoids, polyphenols, and essential fatty acids, it exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and cardioprotective properties, highlighting its medical potential. 2. Methods:A systematic analysis of recent in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies was conducted to evaluate its pharmacological effects. The review focuses on its role in inflammation reduction, oxidative stress prevention, metabolic regulation, anticancer activity, and antimicrobial defense. Extraction methods and key bioactive compounds were also assessed. 3.Results: Ribes nigrum demonstrates strong anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes. Its antioxidant properties help reduces oxidative stress. Metabolic benefits include cholesterol regulation, improved glucose metabolism, and cardiovascular protection. Studies suggest its potential anticancer effects through apoptosis induction in cancer cells. Additionally, its antimicrobial and antiviral properties support its use in treating infections and maintaining oral health. 4.Conclusion: The findings confirm Ribes nigrum’s therapeutic value, supporting its traditional medicinal applications and future pharmaceutical development. Further research is needed to explore its long-term clinical benefits, optimize extraction methods, and develop standardized medicinal formulations.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ribes nigrum, natural compound, blackcurrant, antioxidant, therapeutic effects
  topic: keywords
creator: Oana Coman
creator: Cristina Ana-Maria Cobzariu Dan
creator: Mihaela Boța
creator: Lavinia Vlaia
creator: Diana-Simona Tchiakpe-Antal
creator: Ioana Ioniță
creator: Iasmina Predescu
creator: Andreea Smeu
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Oana Coman, Cristina Ana-Maria Cobzariu Dan, Mihaela Boța, Lavinia Vlaia, Diana-Simona Tchiakpe-Antal, Ioana Ioniță, Iasmina Predescu, Andreea Smeu (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-03-31
publication date: 2025-03-31
starting page: 113
ending page: 119
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i1.1294

Facial Asymmetry Assessment in Orthodontic Patients with Posteroanterior Cephalometric Analysis
type: item
description: The study aimed to evaluate and analyze the parameters of facial development, on postero-anterior teleradiographies in a group of 15 patients, who were diagnosed with dental or transverse dento-skeletal anomalies that caused facial asymmetries, with the aim of evaluating parameters from the frontal cephalometric analysis that is of the greatest help in the correct diagnosis of asymmetries. Patients were selected based on the indication for frontal teleradiography within the Clinic of U.M.F. "Victor Babeş" Timişoara and were between 15 and 36 years old, 60% female and 30% male. Parameters were evaluated using the posteroanterior analysis described by Ricketts and Grummons and Kappeyne Van De Koppello. Cephalometric measurements were performed with the AudaxCeph program version 5.0 and 6.0, thus avoiding human error that can inevitably occur when drawing by hand. The data were collected in the database, and the standard deviation and mean were calculated for the group of women and men. Independent T-test samples did not reveal statistically significant differences between women and men, but between the 2 age groups did. The frontal analysis described by Rickett revealed five studies with a high degree of asymmetry. The independent T-test between the group of patients with low facial asymmetry and the high asymmetry group had statistically significant results for maxillomandibular line deviation, facial symmetry and nasal width.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Facial asymmetry
  topic: keywords
subject: posteroanterior teleradiographies
  topic: keywords
subject: cephalometric analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Antonia Ilin
creator: Ruxandra Sava Rosianu
creator: Atena Galuscan
creator: Octavia Balean
creator: Daniela Jumanca
creator: Delia Abrudan Luca
creator: Alexandru Simerea
creator: Vlad Tiberiu Alexa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Antonia Ilin, Ruxandra Sava Rosianu, Atena Galuscan, Octavia Balean, Daniela Jumanca, Delia Abrudan Luca, Alexandru Simerea, Vlad Tiberiu Alexa (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-16
publication date: 2025-06-16
starting page: 144
ending page: 152
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i2.1293

A Therapeutic Approach in Cardiac Patients to Induce Anesthesia – a Brief Review
type: item
description: Background/Objectives: Anesthesia is an important achievement of modern medicine, which ensures the quality of life of patients and also provides additional comfort, safety, and accuracy to specialists. Cardiac disorders are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Anesthesia in cardiac patients is intricate and needs careful analysis. This study aims to analyze the anesthetics used in cardiac patients, with a focus on the induced side effects. 2.Methods: The present review analyzed papers retrieved from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar from 2020 to 2025, following the keywords: “general anesthetic”, “local anesthetic”, “analgesic”, “sedative”, “side effect” and “cardiac effect”. 3.Results: The term opioid-free anesthesia has been introduced around for a while. Lidocaine, ketamine, and dexamethasone are the three popular non-opioid analgesics used in cardiac surgery. The effects of midazolam, etomidate, and dexmedetomidine on the cardiovascular system during the phacoemulsification process using local topical anesthesia are also confirmed. Other studies have shown the cardioprotective benefits of propofol, in addition to anti-inflammatory properties. 4.Conclusion: Cardiac pathology is a constantly evolving problem that requires the involvement of anesthesia, therefore it is essential to know the particularities of anesthetic drugs in the case of these subjects.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: anesthesia, cardiac disorder, anesthetic drugs, side effects.
  topic: keywords
creator: Mihai Neagu
creator: Diana-Maria Morariu Briciu
creator: Andreea Cristea
creator: Flavia Crisan
creator: Sorin Lucian Bolintineanu
creator: Alina Anton
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mihai Neagu, Diana-Maria Morariu Briciu, Andreea Cristea , Flavia Crisan, Sorin Lucian Bolintineanu, Alina Anton (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-03-31
publication date: 2025-03-31
starting page: 106
ending page: 112
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i1.1282

The Role of Preparation Geometry in Ceramic Veneers: A Comprehensive Literature Review
type: item
description: Background: Ceramic veneers are regarded as a conservative and esthetically favorable treatment modality for anterior teeth, particularly when tooth structure preservation is prioritized. Among the critical variables influencing their clinical performance, the preparation design—specifically the inclusion or omission of a cervical finish line—remains a subject of ongoing investigation. Objectives: This narrative review aimed to evaluate the impact of preparation design on fracture resistance, marginal adaptation, and long-term survival of ceramic veneers. Methods: A targeted literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for English-language publications from 2000 to 2024 using the terms “ceramic veneers,” “preparation design,” and “finish line.” Inclusion criteria focused on in vitro and in vivo studies comparing at least two preparation designs with reported clinical outcomes, while case reports, reviews, and non-comparative studies were excluded. Of the 379 initially retrieved records, 28 studies met the inclusion criteria. Results: Findings revealed that preparations incorporating a defined finish line, such as a shoulder or chamfer, consistently demonstrated superior marginal adaptation and biomechanical stability, particularly under functional stress. In contrast, shoulderless and ultra-conservative designs preserved greater enamel substrate, which contributed to effective bonding and comparable survival outcomes in non-load-bearing regions. Across studies, ceramic veneers exhibited a mean 5- to 7-year survival rate exceeding 95%, irrespective of preparation design, provided that proper adhesive protocols were followed. Conclusion: These results support a case-by-case approach guided by the principles of minimally invasive dentistry, emphasizing enamel preservation without compromising mechanical performance. A key limitation of this review is the absence of a pre-registered protocol, which should be addressed in future systematic ev…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: ceramic veneers
  topic: keywords
subject: dental ceramics
  topic: keywords
subject: dental esthetics
  topic: keywords
subject: restorative procedure
  topic: keywords
creator: Serban Talpos
creator: Florina Titihazan
creator: Ioana Veja
creator: Maria Dobos
creator: Mihai Rominu
creator: Meda Lavinia Negrutiu
creator: Cosmin Sinescu
creator: Stoia Adelina
creator: Daniela Maria Pop
creator: Cristian Zaharia
creator: Vanessa Bolchis
creator: Tareq Hajaj
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Serban Talpos, Florina Titihazan, Ioana Veja, Maria Dobos, Mihai Rominu, Meda Lavinia Negrutiu, Cosmin Sinescu, Stoia Adelina, Daniela Maria Pop, Cristian Zaharia, Vanessa Bolchis, Tareq Hajaj (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-16
publication date: 2025-06-16
starting page: 120
ending page: 134
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i2.1280

The Association Between Fisetin and Rutin Triggers an Enhanced Cytotoxicity in A431 and A375 Skin Cancer Cells
type: item
description: Background: Skin cancer is a public health problem and conventional treatments lead to multiple limitations that affect patients' well-being. Fisetin and rutin are two phytocompounds that have demonstrated versatile biological properties, including anticancer effects. Methods: A431 and A375 cells were used to evaluate the two compounds and their associative treatment. For investigation, after 24 hours of treatment, cell viability was assessed by MTT technique and cell morphology was analyzed. Results: The results indicated that the associative treatment is more potent compared to the individual treatment of the agents, producing a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability and enhancing cell dimorphologies with increasing the concentration. Conclusion: Associative treatment represents a promising approach as an alternative for skin cancer, exerting a superior effect compared to individual treatment. However, future research directions should be directed towards elucidating the mechanism of action of the FIS+RUT treatment, assessing the impact in 3D experimental models, and verifying the efficacy by incorporation into different nanoformulations.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: fisetin, rutin, skin cancer, melanoma, in vitro
  topic: keywords
creator: Cristina Dumitrescu (Grosu)
creator: Mihai Neagu
creator: Andreea Smeu
creator: Andreea-Maria Cristea
creator: Eugen Boia
creator: Diana- Maria Morariu Briciu
creator: Lavinia Vlaia
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Cristina Dumitrescu (Grosu), Mihai Neagu, Andreea Smeu, Andreea-Maria Cristea, Eugen Boia, Diana- Maria Morariu Briciu, Lavinia Vlaia (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-03-31
publication date: 2025-03-31
starting page: 97
ending page: 105
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i1.1277

Effects of Acidic Beverages on Teenagers Dental Enamel – A Literature Review
type: item
description: 1.Background/Objectives: This review article explores the significant relationship between dietary choices, particularly the consumption of acidic and sugary beverages, and oral health outcomes. Understanding the impact of these dietary factors is essential for developing preventive strategies and promoting healthier habits. 2.Methods: A comprehensive analysis of recent studies was conducted to evaluate the effects of acidic and sugary beverages on dental health, focusing on dental erosion, caries development, and changes in salivary ph. Additionally, the role of marketing strategies in influencing consumer behavior was examined. 3.Results: Findings indicate that frequent consumption of acidic beverages leads to enamel erosion and contributes to caries formation. Public health initiatives aimed at educating individuals about healthier dietary choices play a crucial role in mitigating these effects. Furthermore, marketing strategies significantly influence beverage consumption patterns, highlighting the need for targeted interventions. 4.Conclusion: The evidence underscores the necessity of preventive measures, including dietary counseling and improved oral hygiene practices, to reduce the adverse effects of acidic and sugary beverages. Further research is needed to explore the long-term implications of dietary habits on oral health and to develop effective intervention strategies.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: oral health, acidic beverages, sugary drinks, dental erosion, salivary pH, preventive measures
  topic: keywords
creator: Adelina Ciora
creator: Andreea Martin
creator: Nicoleta Nikolajevic-Stoican
creator: Magda-Mihaela Luca
creator: Serban Talpos-Niculescu
creator: Malina Popa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Adelina Ciora, Andreea Martin, Nicoleta Nikolajevic-Stoican, Magda-Mihaela Luca, Serban Talpos-Niculescu, Malina Popa (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-03-31
publication date: 2025-03-31
starting page: 88
ending page: 96
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i1.1276

Assessment of Parental Knowledge and Behaviour Regarding the Oral Hygiene of Preschool Children
type: item
description: In young age, oral health is strongly influenced by the primary caregivers’ attitude towards oral health. Parental factors such as socioeconomic status, education level, and dental anxiety of the parent may play a role in their knowledge about dental hygiene practices. Aim and objectives: The objective of this paper is to identify the gaps in parental knowledge regarding children's oral hygiene and to highlight the influence that variables such as the parent's level of education, fear of the dentist, or even gender may have on their knowledge about dental caries, tooth eruption and oral health habits. Material and methods: The present work is an analytical cross-sectional study of parental attitude towards oral health of their children, aged between 0 and 6 years. Data collection was done by questionnaire and the sample population included 50 respondents and the results were statistically analysed. Results: Regarding the parent’s level of knowledge about dental eruption and oral health practices, no statistically significant differences were identified between the two sexes (p=0.853), between different levels of education (p=0.628), and also the absence or presence of parents' fear of the dentist and their level of knowledge are not correlated (p=0.723). However, the differences between dental fear of parents and their children proved to be statistically significant according to the chi-square test (p<0.001). Conclusions: The study showed that the parent's gender, level of education and fear of the dentist do not influence their knowledge about dental caries, eruption of temporary teeth, eruption of permanent teeth and oral health. However, there seems to be a correlation between the dental fear of the parent and that of the children, and also between oral hygiene practices of parents and their children.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: oral hygiene
  topic: keywords
subject: children
  topic: keywords
subject: parental knowledge
  topic: keywords
subject: education level
  topic: keywords
subject: dental fear
  topic: keywords
creator: Magda-Mihaela Luca
creator: Laura Alexandra Rujoi
creator: Andreea Igna
creator: Sorina Bota
creator: Mălina Popa
creator: Roxana Buzatu
creator: Mariana-Ioana Miron
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Magda-Mihaela Luca, Laura Alexandra Rujoi, Andreea Igna, Sorina Bota, Mălina Popa, Roxana Buzatu, Mariana-Ioana Miron (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-03-31
publication date: 2025-03-31
starting page: 81
ending page: 87
doi: 10.70921/medev.v31i1.1271