Inflammation and its relationship to oral cavity

Abstract

The inflammation process was described in science and literature a long time ago, but the understanding of the process took a long time. Inflammation is a complex reaction to harmful agents and includes vascular responses, migration and activation of leukocytes. Inflammation begins with an acute reaction, which evolves into a chronic phase if left to persist. Acute inflammation is a rapid process characterized by fluid exudation and leukocyte migration and primarily neutrophils. Chronic inflammation, on the other hand, extends over a longer period of time and is associated with the infiltration of lymphocytes and macrophages, the proliferation of blood vessels and fibrosis. Inflammation ceases when the invader is eliminated and secret mediators are removed. However, many factors change the course and morphological appearance, as well as the pattern of termination and duration of inflammation. Chronic inflammatory diseases are now seen as problems that could have an impact on the periodontium. The reciprocal effects of periodontal diseases are potential factors that change the severity of the progression of systemic inflammatory diseases. This review aims to review studies in the literature on the processes, interactions, classification and morphological, and clinical characteristics of inflammation, relating it to the oral cavity and describing the main cell types and chemical mediators used for its occurrence. As a research source we used the PubMed database.