Study on risk factors implicated in post-extraction alveolitis

Abstract

Post-extraction alveolitis is a complication specific to tooth extraction that can occur during the healing process (usually 24–72 hours after extraction). This complication can occur due to the dislodgement of the blood clot (the first stage of the healing process), following a local infection, poor local hygiene, or factors related to the plasma system. It is estimated that the probability of developing dental alveolitis after an extraction is 3%. In the case of wisdom teeth, the percentage of probability increases to 20% and even 30%. This paper aims to evaluate one of the complications that can occur after tooth extraction, namely post-extraction alveolitis, as well as on the particularities that can contribute to the development of this complication that leads to the alteration of the patient's general condition and delayed healing. The retrospective study was carried out on a number of 28 patients hospitalized in Timisoara Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery Clinic, who presented post-extraction alveolitis. A series of risk factors are implicated in the evolution of post-extraction alveolitis: surgical trauma, bacterial infections, patient age and sex, oral contraceptives, smoking.