Mechanical Evaluations of Devitalized Teeth Reconstructed Using Direct and Indirect Techniques

Abstract

This study evaluates the efficiency of direct and indirect techniques in the corono-radicular reconstruction of devitalized teeth, focusing on mechanical resistance, aesthethic outcomes, and cost effectiveness. Two experimental groups were created using extracted human teeth with prior endodontic tratament. The first group received direct restorations with fibergalss posts and composite resin, commonly used due to to its simplicity and reduced clinical time. The second group underwent indirect reconstruction with zirconia based restorations, produced throught digital workflow involving scanning, milling and sintering. Zirconia restorations showed greater compessive strenght, while fiberglass-based ones exhibited more elasticity, potentially reducing fracture risk. Aesthethic evaluations confirmed satisfactory initial results for both materials, althuoght slight discoloration occurred in composite over time due to staining and material aging. Cost analysis showed that direct techniques are more affordable and time-efficient, while indirect methods, throught more expensive, offer superior long term durability. CBCT imaging was used to evaluate the internal adaptation and fit of materials, confirming accurate placement in both groups. The study concludes that direct techniques are effective and accessible for moderate-load cases, while indirect zirconia restorations provide better resistance for high stress areas. Further research is recommended to enhance material properties and esure long-lasting functional and aesthethic performance.