Evaluating the Use of Dietary Supplements to Improve Physical and Sports Performance - Survey Study

Abstract

Dietary supplements (DS) use among athletes to enhance endurance, strength and muscle recovery is a complex issue influenced by factors such as sport type, individual goals, access to nutritional information, and nutrition trends, with higher prevalence among elite performers. Despite their growing popularity and benign perception, scientific evidence regarding the safety, quality, and efficacy of DS remains insufficient. Therefore, the current study employed a questionnaire-based survey to assess Romanian athletes’ awareness and consumption behaviours, as well as potential adverse effects associated with DS use. Statistical analysis (chi-square test and Pearson test) was used to reveal relevant correlations among the examined variables, providing insight into usage patterns. The results highlight a high prevalence of DS consumption among young people and frequent reports of adverse reactions. Thus, educational interventions become essential to reduce potentially risky self-medication. The study revealed also the effectiveness of questionnaires as data collection tool among both amateur and competitive athletes, facilitating data-driven insights for enhancing athletic performance, promoting balanced lifestyles, and informing evidence-based guidance regarding the consumption of DS for both athletes and regulators.