Comparative Evaluation of Icon Resin Infiltration and Clinpro XT Varnish on the Remineralization of Enamel White Spot Lesions: An in Vitro Study

Abstract

1.Background: The aim of this research is to investigate microscopically the behavior of two materials, Clinpro XT Varnish and Icon Vestibular, on the surfaces of teeth with chalky white lesions induced by 37% phosphoric acid. Microscopic evaluation is performed based on different degrees of penetration and infiltration. 2.Methods: The materials tested in this study were Icon – Vestibular DMG (LOT 281473) and 3M ESPE Clinpro XT – Varnish (LOT 9703392).3.Results: Phosphoric acid demineralizes the superficial enamel layer, exposing prisms and hydroxyapatite crystals, and generating a rough surface with uniform etching patterns visible at different magnifications, which favor the adhesion of restorative materials. The use of the infiltrant resin Icon fills microcracks and interprismatic spaces, integrating the enamel prisms into a compact, smooth mass that stabilizes the enamel structure and prevents the progression of demineralization. SEM images show that the varnish forms a thin, relatively uniform film on the enamel, but with small discontinuities and uncovered areas, indicating a less effective seal and protection compared with Icon. 4.Conclusion: The integration of materials such as Icon and fluoride varnishes makes it possible to postpone invasive restorative treatments and is particularly useful in the management of white spots, while maintaining the structural integrity of the teeth.