C. Schwarz
Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes, 300040 Timisoara
I. Alexa
Departement of Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad Address: Arad, Revolution Boulevard No. 86
I.E. Lile
Departement of Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad Address: Arad, Revolution Boulevard No. 86
R. Dumitrescu
Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes, 300040 Timisoara
V. Bolchis
Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes, 300040 Timisoara
D. Jumanca
Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes, 300040 Timisoara
D. Negru
Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes, 300040 Timisoara
O. Balean
Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes, 300040 Timisoara
R. Oancea
Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes, 300040 Timisoara
A. Galușcan
Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes, 300040 Timisoara
R. Sava-Rosianu
Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes, 300040 Timisoara
Abstract
The oral microbiome is intricately linked to human health and systemic diseases, with smoking being a prevalent risk factor. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the impact of smoking on salivary parameters in individuals aged 20-55 without systemic diseases who exclusively smoked traditional cigarettes. Ethical approvals were not necessary as existing data from English-language publications between 2021-2022 were used. The analysis included 33 studies with 2813 participants (1392 smokers and 1421 non-smokers). The primary focus was on salivary pH changes in smokers compared to controls, with varied collection methods and restrictions. Additionally, 10 studies assessed total salivary antioxidant capacity in both groups. The results revealed lower salivary flow in smokers, while salivary antioxidant capacity varied. Overall, smoking emerged as a significant public health concern in the EU, contributing to high mortality rates. The findings demonstrate that smoking is associated with decreased salivary pH, reduced salivary flow, and lower total salivary antioxidant capacity, potentially leading to oral mucosal and dental problems and an increased risk of periodontal disease and premalignant lesions.